About Us

Mission Statement

Dedicated to the environment and preservation of the heaven and earth are two values Go Green World Products promotes. By pursuing raw materials from the earth that can be utilized to produce products that are ecologically responsible we can ensure a brighter future for our children.

Values

  • To lead by creating quality products that respect and sustain our natural world.
  • To serve our customers by providing safe, effective, innovative products of premium quality.
  • To operate an organization founded on integrity to our customers, coworkers, suppliers, and community.

Our History

Green Planet Paints® was originally conceived in 1993, by a materials scientist and expert in ceramic clays and historic pigments who no longer wants to have her name associated with the brand. (Her story) she originally moved to Patagonia, Arizona. Surrounded by the blazing ochre’s of canyon walls, the electric greens of waterfall mosses, the shifting silvers of high-desert grasses and the multicolored hues of migrating birds, she was inspired to create a paint that not only reflected the beauty around her, but respected it. Combining her expertise in materials science with her knowledge of ancient pigment technologies, she formulated a new kind of paint founded on three principles: beauty, performance, and sustainability.

With the birth of her son in 2000, she states she realized that her paint not only had to be beautiful, sustainable and durable, it had to be safe as well--with no exceptions. She began experimenting with simple, natural recipes for milk paints and clay paints, guided by her friends, who were renowned innovators in natural construction. Over time, she reformulated these simple paints to improve their performance and manufacturability. She incorporated her knowledge of the Mayan pigment technology to create stunning colors, and soon had a rich palette of colors inspired by the natural landscape around her.

By late 2005 Green Planet Paints® became available in various retail outlets. Soon it became clear that in order to reach a broader audience, the paints would have to perform more like conventional latex paints. They would need to be washable and adhere to a wide range of substrates. The solids would need to remain suspended in the can during shipping and storage, and the paint should provide complete coverage in two coats.

She determined a soy alkyd resin offered the most sustainable and high-performing binder, and worked with suppliers to “green” their manufacturing processes until they met her requirements. She co-developing a new base new tint system.

Her philosophy was since prehistoric times, men and women have decorated their sacred places and dwellings with naturally colored materials. At Green Planet Paints®, we are proud to be part of this heritage. The philosophy was simple: paint is a wonderful material. We're putting nature back into paint, and working to make the world a more beautiful place along the way.

In early 2009 she turned much of the distribution of this paint line over to Go Green World Product, LLC in Phoenix AZ. who was much better positioned for distribution of this product. In mid-2009, she was forced to file for bankruptcy and elected to sell all exclusive rights to her trademark and the renaissance premium paint line over to Go Green World Products, LLC; now making Go Green World Products, LLC the sole manufacture and distribution controller of this paint line.

After much research the owner of Go Green World Products, LLC (GGWP) found that there were many issues with the alkyd paint line and many statements that had been made, were incorrect. So GGWP set out to figure out if it were cheaper to reformulate or correct all documentation and re-market the brand. It was determined cheaper in correcting the paint line to match what was being marketed. GGWP was introduced to and worked with a highly respected and renowned chemist and formulator Mr. Tom Rowls of New Century Coatings, an R&D company specialized in green coating technologies. Mr. Rowls first found out that the smell issue that occurred occasionally was actually attributed to the underlying paints, in that some commercial paints were high in chemical content and due to how paints are engineered; these chemicals were reacting with the alkali in the Alkyd resin. So, the issue was how to stop this. There really was no simple way.

In 2010, Mr. Rauls helped GGWP correct the many issues with the paint line to lower cost, while also helping to figure out ways to eliminate the reaction issues with some paints. A simple test kit was developed for the average DYI person to test. If the issue existed, the simple fix was to apply a special non-alkyd primer called Agri-Primer which had the highest sustainability of any paint/primer and a bio content of about 40%. The Clay Alkyd paint was also made better, safer, greener and stronger. These changes resulted in the elimination of requiring a special primer to be applied to the surface first. The final result was a better product that did not need a primer anymore unless the substrate had an existing latex or oil paint and there is a fear of the underlying pigments bleeding into the top coat, or as it applies to only the interior paint line, with the old alkyd resin would have reactions with a few industrial contractor grade paint products which contain high solvents, VAE’s and EVA’s. This reaction can cause toxins to exhaust off into a room due to a reaction with an alkyd that would off gas a chemical smell coming from the reaction area. Thus, the Agri-Paint line that did not use an alkyd was developed to prevent this issue from taking place.

In 2016 and a new plant-based alkyd resin was developed which did not contain the same elements of the old alkyd and was much more natural as it uses soap as the alkyd portion. With 100 test sites across the USA, it was determined that the reaction issue was no longer a problem. It was still recommended that a test area be used prior to starting a large project though, if the issue ever arose, the Agri-Primer was still available to be applied prior to the paint for safety reasons.

Note that the Agri-Primer was nothing more than the Agri-Paint. In 2014 it was decided it was best to just eliminate the separate primer lines since the primer technology was incorporated into the Agri-Paint line already. The Green Planet Paints® primer and the old Alkyd Primer were discontinued and no longer offered.

Also, in 2014 GGWP and NCC owners decided to look at a totally new way to make coating products and implementing better plant base technologies and materials. In late 2014 the two successfully developed an all-natural wood stain which was made from plant-based materials. The interesting thing was that the plant-based materials all came from the waste streams of other manufacturing processes. The soy ester oil was the leftovers from vitamin E manufacturing, the tree sap was the waste from the lumber industry and later palm oil and coconut oils were added from other manufacturing processes. All these wastes when in the correct combination with other natural materials resulted in a totally natural bio-based stain that acted like the old solvent stain but worked better and were more beneficial than any solvent stain ever could. The stain line was sold by word of mouth over the next few years, and now are incorporated into the web site for consumer purchases.

This new technology combination spurred an entirely new way of making coatings and over the last few years has been incorporated into the paint line, Sealer line, Craft paint line and more. We extend this technology into the automotive detailing market, granite and stone counter industry and more. Over the 2018 year, GGWP and NCC have made the biggest expansions into multiple other industries using the same basic technologies. These include pest control, mosquito control to replace things like the product OFF, and working on several others. Have even very recently looked at the industrial coating industry and thus far it looks very promising.

2022, it is with sad heart we lost our very good friend and chemist Tom Rauls to cancer early this year. The cancer was caused by the chemicals he used to work with in his early years while working for the major coating companies like SW. He will be and is deeply missed by us, this world and his family!

In addition to all the above, GGWP is still pushing forward to keeping the legacy moving forward as the two owners planed. GGWP now offers Concrete and Wood natural penetrating stains and a Natural clear Sealers under the name Agri-Stain and Agri-Prep Sealer. GGWP is working on the craft paint line, water color line and many other things as time permits. All the Green Planet Paints Product lines are above the requirements for USDA Bio-preferred and passed the latest C14, C18 and ASMT D6886 testing and exceed all mandates on coatings around the world. GGWP also now offers a new cement micro topping called Agri-Crete Overlayment. This is an Eco-friendly semi flexible cement that can be applied to almost anything. Agri-Crete can be stained or colored prior to mixing up the recycled and non-recycled materials. Last, GGWP still makes our own colorant systems under the name of Agri-Colors and all of these contain no petrochemical materials too.

The Difference

Our products are fundamentally unique. While there are many “zero VOC” paints, stains and sealers on the market today, most only being EPA complaint and saying there are green or non-toxic when they are not. Green Planet Paints® is the first to move way beyond petrochemical and being just EPA complaint; toward a truly natural sustainable paints, stains and sealers based on plant resins, mineral pigments and natural additives. Making these the only True Zero VOC, truly green, non-toxic highly sustainable paint, stain and sealer lines manufactured today.

To fully appreciate these innovations, a brief review of modern paint and stain and their history is helpful.

Modern paints

Modern paints are composed of essentially four ingredients: pigment, binder, solvent and property additives. Pigment provides the color, while the binder is the “glue” that holds everything together. The solvent adjusts the consistency, and the additives improve how the paint mixes and flows. These four types of ingredients combine to create a liquid that can be painted and will adhere to a substrate. For thousands of years paints have been made from a wide variety of natural materials too, such as lime, casein, linseed oil, chalk, clays, minerals and plant resins. Painters of old made their own paint according to local resources and their own knowledge.

Then came petroleum. With the growth of the petrochemical industry after World War II, the milk and plant-based paints common at the time were replaced with synthetic petroleum-based products. Pigments, resins and additives were synthesized in the laboratory and mass produced in factories. Synthetic biocides allowed the easy preservation of the paint in the can, so it could be stored and shipped anywhere. This “new” synthetic paint eventually became the accepted standard for house paint. But as we’ve come to learn over the years, along with the convenience came a number of costs: to human health, planet, and beauty of the finish. Most of these components are highly toxic and can cause cancers too.

Human Health. Commercial paints can contain up to 1500 different petrochemicals, many of which are very harmful. Most of these chemicals, but not all, are regulated by the EPA using the term VOC (volatile organic compounds.) This definition is also somewhat misleading though, as not all harmful paint chemicals fall under the VOC definition and EPA restrictions. Some are even classified as exempt due to the largest manufactures lobbying against their restrictions, stating coatings cannot be made without them. Furthermore, the EPA allows up to 5 mg/liter of regulated VOC’s in the zero VOC rating and this only applies to the base paint; not the colorants used to give the color to a paint base. Colorant lines can be called zero VOC if the VOC levels are below 250 mg/liter.

Plaint. VOCs not only contribute to smog; they are also potent greenhouse gases, meaning they can damage the ozone layer too. With the huge amounts of energy needed to drill, ship, and refine petroleum into components for coatings, petroleum-based coatings are simply not sustainable. This does not even address the carcinogen issues associated with conventional coatings today, nor the play on marketing wording that lead the consumer to think they are getting a safe product. Also, the issue with making it harder for the consumer to know the hazards in the product. For example, the components benzene and toluene which is used in most commercial latex acrylic paints does not have to be listed on the products SDS (Safety Data Sheet) as they list the latex acrylic resin and the two materials are listed in the resins SDS already. Both are known to cause many types of cancer. The heavy metal dryers and preservatives used in many conventional coats are also cancer causing, but not always listed on the SDS as the amount in the container is less than the EPA reported threshold.

Beauty. Petroleum-based coatings, being synthetic and highly processed, produce colors that lack natural complexity and all too often look and feel “lifeless.” This is mainly because petrochemicals are two dimensional., so there is no depth to the color.

Most coating companies, in attempting to “green” their products, have not focused on the human health aspects, rather just removing or replacing particular additives that have not been added to the EPA restrictions so to meet the low and zero VOC criteria mandates established by the EPA. Yet their paints are still petroleum-based, with oil-based pigments, binders and additives remaining synthetic. Not to mention that with the exception of some clay paints and powder tints, everyone uses the same synthetic petroleum-based tints to color their products, which results in VOC’s being added to the products at enormous amounts when colored. Even though these tints are called zero VOC tints. The truth is, they have to be below 250 g/l to be called zero VOC. We call this extremely high VOC's. We here at GGWP make our own tint systems using minerals and we are at truly zero in VOC's and 60 to 90% bio content.

Modern stains:

Modern stains are composed of essentially three or four ingredients depending on if they are solvent based or “water based”: For solvent based there is basically pigment, solvent and additives and some may have a binder of some kind too. For water based there is basically pigment, solvent, additives and a binder. As it applies to both, the pigment provides the color, the solvent adjusts the consistency and provides for substrate penetration, and the additives improve how the stain mixes and flows when used. For the water-based and some solvent stains, the addition of the binder helps hold everything together and provides a sheen once dry. But the facts are, if there is a binder in a stain and it states it will dry and leave a sheen, there are not stains, they are semi-translucent paints as the binder being an acrylic, latex, enamel or poly, these materials cannot penetrate into the woods gate cells. Thus, they stay on the surface and will dry, and as time goes on, they will crack and peel off.

For thousands of years stains were made from a wide variety of natural materials too, but were limited to things such as linseed oil, tree resins, some plant oils and waxes. Wood workers of old made their own stains according to local resources and their own knowledge too.

Then came petroleum. With the growth of the petrochemical industry after World War II, the plant-based stains common at the time were replaced with synthetic petroleum-based products. Pigments, resins and additives were synthesized in the laboratory and mass produced in factories. Over the years synthetic biocides allowed the easy preservation of water submissible based stains while in the can, so it could be stored and shipped anywhere. This “new” synthetic stains eventually became the accepted standard for home use. But as we’ve come to learn, much like the paints along with the convenience came a number of costs: to human health, planet, and beauty of the finish. Not to mention that the wood preservation was no longer there as marketed.
 

  • Human Health. Commercial solvent stains can contain up to 900 different petrochemicals, many of which are very harmful. Most of these chemicals, but not all, are regulated by the EPA today using the term VOC (volatile organic compounds.) or Carcinogens. These definitions are somewhat misleading though, as not all harmful chemicals fall under the VOC or Carcinogen definition. Furthermore, the EPA allows up to 275 mg/liter of VOC’s for solvent or water immiscible (water-based) stains. Pure solvent stains such as Minwax due to their high VOC levels are becoming cost inhibited to sell and why they are being offered in smaller containers to stay in compliance with the new EPA restrictions.
     
  • Solvent and some Plaint solvent VOCs not only contribute to smog; they are also potent greenhouse gases. With the huge amounts of energy needed to drill, ship, and refine petroleum into components for stains, petroleum-based stains are simply not sustainable. The few plant-based solver stains like linseed oil stains as considered sustainable, but to process them into a solvent for stains, it basically makes them into a petrochemical and they also become quite flammable in the process.
     
  • Beauty. Petroleum-based stains, being synthetic and highly processed, produce colors that lack natural complexity and all too often look and feel “lifeless.” The solvent stains do penetrate into the wood, but really do not hep to protect the wood that much over the long haul. Today there is all these new one step stains and sealers, the issues are much like the water-based stains today, they all have a binder such as an acrylic, latex, enamel or poly and this prevents the stain from actually penetrating deep into the wood, and over time will crack, chip and peel off. The only way to repair the damage is to sand everything off and re-stain or stain with a darker color. This is because these are not true stains, but just semitransparent paints being called stains. Much like the solvent gel stains.
     
  • Although the VOC levels decrees over time better with solvents at (5.7 mg/m3) that decreased over time more slowly than those related to water-based ones. The same finding was observed for the main detected compounds in stains: Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes, Styrene, alpha-Pinene and Camphene. These are all known Carcinogens and cause many different kinds of cancers.

Most coating companies, in attempting to “green” their stains “paints”, have not focused on the human health aspects, rather just removing or replacing particular additives so as to meet the low and zero VOC criteria mandates established by the EPA. Yet their products are still petroleum-based, with pigments, binders and additives remaining synthetic. And almost everyone is basically using the same synthetic petroleum-based tints systems to color their stains now, which results in more VOC’s being added to the product at enormous amounts when colored. Even though these tints are called zero VOC tints. The truth is, they have to be below 250 g/l to be called zero VOC. We call this extremely high VOC's. The other big issue is most of the industry utilizes the old measurement tools for read VOC levels, the issue is the old measurement tools have a very hard time reading accurate VOC levels in a water born material.

Then when you look at the stains, they have changed them to paints to meet the EPA VOC mandates but called them stains so they can still say they have stains. Just because you change the terminology of something doesn’t make it that. There are still some making solvent-based stains today and those making them with linseed oil is not much better than using a petrochemical solvent-based stain as the process for making linseed oil into a stain, basically turns the linseed oil into a petrochemical in the end. Then you have then new Solid Color Stains (WHAT?) again, it’s a paint. If you cannot see the gain, then it is not a stain. If it has a binder, being it acrylic, latex, lacquer or other type that will leave a sheen once dry, it again is a PAINT and not a stain even if you can see the grain through the finish.

This is where Green Planet Paints® is different. Here at GGWP we’ve made three key choices in formulating our paints and stains:
 
  • To move beyond petroleum and carcinogen materials, using plant-based material binders and additives only.
 
  • To minimize or eliminate additives and not over-formulate, which not only creates more synthetic products in our waste stream, but takes the life out of the paint and stains. So, we use plant waste stream materials to make these items for our products.
 
  • To use mineral pigments that are produced with low energy processes, resulting in unique, lightfast colors, in a simple, easy to use color palette based on the colors of nature. This applies to our stains too.
 
  • To use as much plant waste stream materials as possible, things such as Soy Ester Oil from the waste stream of vitamin e manufacturing, and tree sap from the lumber industry just to name a couple.
 
  • We do not put any preservatives, heavy metals or other hazardous materials into our products.


The result are paints and stains that’s are truly exceptional--safe, sustainable, durable and beautiful by nature. And isn’t that what our paint and stain products should be? We even make our own liquid tint systems and they are truly zero in VOC's and 60 to 90% bio content.

Don’t be fooled by big marketing and hidden truths, we don’t have millions of dollars to throw at attorney’s to legally twist the facts. We just tell the truth and leave it alone.

March 2022: We were so blessed to have known such an amazing coatings chemist Mr. Tom Rauls for the past 11 years, a true leader in the industry and ranked as the number two coatings chemist in the USA. He is well known in the coating industry and worked for many of the big names in his early years, he left due to heath issues caused by the toxic chemicals being used in coatings. He was a very good friend and business partner, and he will be greatly missed by all. Our agreed to goal is still the same, keep advancing the technology and get it out into the world to benefit others health. Tom died from cancer that was caused by his early years of exposure to the same toxic chemicals still being used today in conventional paints and stains. Hopefully the industry leaders will finally get a clue and change their ways. We will still do our best to continue to push them into changing.
 

 

Product Warranty

Go Green World Products, LLC, the owner and manufacture of Green Planet Paints® has a limited 90 days Money-Back Guarantee. If within 90 days from the date your purchase is shipped, this product fails as defined by the paint industry standard; the product failure warranty will take effect. Within 30 days from the date the product was shipped, the customer decides for any reason that they are not satisfied with the product prior to application due to any issue or at the customers decision, the product may be returned for refund under the following conditions: We agree to refund the purchase price of the paint only, and will remit payment within 30 days after receiving all materials in good condition or remaining materials under special circumstances, excluding any shipping or shipping related charges and a 30% restocking fee for the base paints/primers only; this means that no tint has been added to the product yet.  There will be no return of or refund for any tinted paints or primers or for cancelation of order once the product has been tinted with the exception of shipping if it had not been shipped prior to notice as per refund policy.  If a return is authorized in some cases, we may help arrange for the product return but the restocking fee will not be waved and the shipping expenses will also be deducted from the refund.  All notices must be in writing and are not valid until the customer has received return instructions from the home office.  All products must be returned within 30 days from the date of return notice to the home office or the return will be null-in-void and any possible return payment denied.  If replacement product is provided prior to a return of said defective product, the return is still required to be received by the home office within 30 days of the provided notice.  A failure to return said product within allotted time constitutes a denial of return, denial of any reimbursements and payment of all product, and payment owed to Go Green World Products, LLC immediately for the new product and shipping expenses.

Note: our paints and coating products have specific warranties and are limited only to the product performance/failure and excludes all application of the product issues or costs associated with the application, and applies to the product only as long as there is nothing wrong with the substrate or textures on the substrate, and only if the surface was prepared correctly and the product/s was both prepared and applied correctly as recommended by GGWP LLC and consistently within specifications outlined in the tech sheet and application notes.

Product failure: In the event of a product failure or suspected failure of the coating products, excluding product freezing in transit or on site due to non-protection, the product warranty is limited to the “Green Planet Paints®” coating/s only. These coatings are guaranteed to provide satisfactory performance as outlined in the MPI paint industry standards and only when correctly applied as recommended. If this product is found to be defective upon inspection by its representative, and both a paint and sub-straight surface sample have been provided for testing at its facility, and no preparation, application or sub straight issues have been noted; GGWP LLC will, at its option, either furnish an equivalent amount of new product or refund the purchase price to the original consumer / purchaser of the product upon proof of purchase. GGWP LLC will not be held liable for any representations or warranties made by any retail, seller, consultant, designer, contractor or applicator of this product. GGWP LLC may at its option but is not bound nor required to offer a reapplication of new product by one of its trained and certified paint contractors, if accepted by the originating customer, GGWP LLC will arrange for said re-application; if no issues arise during or after the new application and product is performing as designed, said customer will be liable for all expenses including but not limited to labor, new product and any incidentals encountered for said re-application. GGWP LLC will not be held liable for any encountered expenses by the customer including but not limited to the removal of product, or product sample/s, substrate sample/s, or any other repairs encountered by the customer while attempting to show product failure. This warranty as it applies to GGWP LLC excludes (1) all labor or cost of labor for the removal of product or any other product, any repair or replacement of substrates to which the product is / was applied to or the application of or replacement of product or any other product/s and (2) any incidental or consequential damages which may have occurred as a result of or related to said defective product, regardless of the testing outcome, including but not limited to the provision for providing of sub straight material for application and sub straight testing. This warranty is void if the product was allowed to freeze and the customer or its agent applied the product regardless of possible issues or knowledge or lack of knowledge in defective product type.

Some states may not allow the exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you directly. This warranty gives you specific rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.

Product Claims: All claims must be made in writing and by the purchasing customer only; all others are considered invalid and GGWP LLC may not be responded to. To make a warranty claim or inquiry about a possible issue, write to customer support, Go Green World Products, LLC, 11460 N. Cave Creek Road, Suite 7. Phoenix, AZ. 85020, or email us at:

customersupport@gogreenworldproducts.com, or Fax to 602-944-4956

For questions or concerns, call 602-944-4442

In the event of a failure or suspected failure of the product it is the responsibility of the customer to notify GGWP LLC immediately before continuing any additional application of said product.  In the event the paint fails to perform as a result of the contractor/applicator’s, improper application of product, improper storage of product, improper handling of product, improper preparation of product or any others as applicable to the above mentioned, the product warranty may be null-in-void.  If the product is not found to be defective upon inspection by its representative or through GGWP LLC testing, GGWP LLC will, at its option, either furnish an equivalent amount of new product or refund the purchase price to the original consumer / purchaser of this product upon proof of purchase; excluding any shipping, shipping preparations or restocking fees and product used.  Labor of any type is not covered by the warranty as GGWP LLC has no control or agreement with said contractor/s.  In this case, the customer must pursue the contracting agent.  If the customer fails to file a product failure complaint or uses all materials, if the product is not found to have failed, GGWP LLC will not be responsible for reimbursement of product or purchase price.

In the event the surface was improperly prepared and/or the product was improperly prepared or applied incorrectly by one of our trained and certified referral contractors, we will warrant both the product and will work with you, the original purchasing customer to address the labor as it applies to any removing and/or re-preparation / application of the product.  All our referral contractors are required to be licensed and must maintain liability insurance for such an issue and are bonded to protect you.

Non Warranty: This warranty is not extended to improper application, unprotected product, improper inspection of product upon receipt, unsatisfactory color, personal sensitivities that one may have or encounter during or after application, reactions to underlying product/s causing an issue with our product/s or the product did not perform to the customer’s expectation due to an underlying issue or cause or our primer was not applied prior to application of topcoats as outlined by GGWP LLC for proper application. All coatings as it applies to our Natural line and/or Bio-Acrylic line are completely natural and/or earth friendly and contain the highest quantities of natural and/or sustainable materials.

For additional information, questions or for return or replacement instructions, please contact customer support at:

customersupport@gogreenworldproducts.com or phone 1-602-944-4442.

Our office is manned between the hours of 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM, Arizona time, Monday through Friday.  When calling after these hours, please leave a message with your Name, Phone number and a brief explanation and one of our staff will contact you as soon as possible.  Our normal business hours are Monday through Friday 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM Arizona time, excluding holidays or special shutdown days.

Disclaimer: As part of the conditions for any sale and/or purchase which may take place between Go Green World Products, LLC and you the customer, all product, orders, payments, warranties and shipments shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: The laws and decisions of the state of Arizona shall govern all transactions taking place between the parties with venue and jurisdiction in Maricopa County Arizona shall govern all transactions taking place between the parties. Any past due invoices shall bear charges at the rate of twenty-three (23%) per annum and a $39.00 account processing fee, except in no event shall the amount of charges exceed the highest amount permitted by law. Should it be necessary for us to retain a collection firm or attorney to enforce any payment transactions which may arise between the parties pursuant hereto, you the customer shall pay all collection expenses and/or our attorney fees and legal costs if we are determined the prevailing party during any dispute that arises. Note that the product warranty only applies to the United States of America, Canada warranty claims and issues must be addressed to SIP Distribution. SIP Distribution is the sole supplier and distributor for all of Canada and is responsible to Canada clients, Go Green World Products, LLC has agreed to not interfere with the Canadian market or sell to those in Canada, but only to SIP Distribution until the agreement is mutually abolished or negated by SIP.